New research has shifted the focus of obesity treatment from mere weight loss to improving overall health and quality of life. This perspective, highlighted in a recent paper published in The Lancet, suggests that measuring success in obesity management should involve evaluating long-term health improvements rather than simply tracking changes in weight.
Redefining Obesity Management
Professor Carel Le Roux, a spokesperson for the Irish Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (IrSPEN) and co-author of the study, advocates for a paradigm shift in how obesity is treated. According to Prof Le Roux, the primary goal should be to achieve significant health benefits, with weight loss serving as a marker rather than the sole focus.
The study emphasizes that targeting a 15% reduction in body weight can lead to substantial improvements in obesity-related complications. However, Prof Le Roux acknowledges that a universal weight loss target is not practical due to the varied nature of obesity-related complications among individuals.
Health Gains Over Weight Loss
Dr. Werd Al-Najim, a dietitian and IrSPEN spokesperson, underscores the importance of lifestyle changes that enhance nutritional quality and physical activity. She asserts that these changes are beneficial for health irrespective of the extent of weight loss. The ultimate aim of any treatment program should be to ensure sustainable health improvements throughout the patient’s life.
Comprehensive Treatment Approaches
Professor Helen Heneghan, a bariatric surgeon and fellow IrSPEN spokesperson, highlights the variability in patient responses to obesity treatments. She suggests that exploring all available treatment options—ranging from medications to bariatric surgery—can be beneficial in achieving lasting health gains. If medications are ineffective, bariatric surgery might be considered, and vice versa.
Prof Heneghan also notes the challenges associated with long-term adherence to obesity medications, including high costs, supply chain issues, and side effects. Long-term use of such medications is essential for maintaining health benefits, yet adherence rates are often low.
Addressing Misconceptions
Dr. Mick Crotty, obesity lead at the Irish College of GPs, emphasizes the need to combat the misconception that obesity is solely a self-imposed condition that can be resolved through simple lifestyle changes. He calls for the Health Service Executive (HSE) to ensure that effective obesity treatments receive the same level of access and coverage as other chronic diseases.
Conclusion
The research advocates for a shift in focus from just achieving weight loss to fostering overall health improvements in obesity treatment. By prioritizing health gains and considering a range of treatment options, healthcare professionals can better support patients in managing obesity effectively and sustainably.
