As the popularity of injectable weight-loss drugs like Wegovy and Ozempic continues to rise, the benefits of these medications—ranging from significant weight reduction to improved heart health and better management of obstructive sleep apnea—are well-documented. However, emerging research suggests that these drugs, which target hormones such as GLP-1, may also come with some unintended side effects, including an increased risk of hair loss.
A recent study published on MedRxiv, a platform for early-stage research, indicates that GLP-1 medications, particularly semaglutide (the active ingredient in Wegovy), may contribute to hair loss in some individuals. The study, conducted by Dr. Mohit Sodhi and colleagues at the University of British Columbia, analyzed the medical records of over 3,200 patients—1,900 of whom were prescribed semaglutide and 1,300 of whom were given bupropion-naltrexone (Contrave), an older weight-loss drug.
The findings revealed that patients using semaglutide were 50% more likely to experience hair loss compared to those using Contrave. Women, in particular, were found to face a significantly higher risk, with the likelihood of hair loss twice as high for female patients compared to their male counterparts.
Why Does Semaglutide Cause Hair Loss?
While the precise mechanisms linking semaglutide to hair loss remain unclear, Dr. Sodhi and his team have proposed a few potential explanations. One theory involves the physiological stress induced by the rapid and substantial weight loss that semaglutide facilitates. Since semaglutide causes more rapid and extensive weight reduction compared to older drugs like Contrave, the body may experience additional stress, which can contribute to hair shedding.
Another possible cause is related to the drug’s appetite-suppressing effects. As users consume fewer calories—particularly protein, which is essential for hair growth—their hair follicles may suffer due to nutrient deficiencies. Moreover, the gastrointestinal side effects of semaglutide, which can cause nausea and vomiting, may further reduce appetite and nutritional intake, exacerbating the problem.
Is Hair Loss a Major Concern for Patients?
Whether the risk of hair loss should deter people from using these weight-loss medications depends largely on the reasons for using the drugs. For those using semaglutide to manage obesity or diabetes, the benefits may outweigh the potential cosmetic drawbacks of hair loss. However, individuals using the drug primarily for aesthetic weight loss, such as preparing for a special event, may need to weigh the risks more carefully.
Dr. Sodhi emphasizes the importance of informed decision-making, noting that patients should be fully aware of potential side effects before starting any medication. “If people don’t know the potential side effects, they may be stepping into something they didn’t sign up for,” he warns.
As more studies are conducted, a clearer picture will emerge regarding the long-term effects of GLP-1 drugs, helping patients and healthcare providers better assess the balance between the drugs’ benefits and risks.
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